Reappraisal Intervention Study (FEEL Study 2)

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Citation article

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Publication type:
Refereed Journal Article

Study details

Baseline session:
Yes
Followup session:
Yes
Study design:
This study consisted of an initial laboratory visit (T0), a 7-day ESM control phase (ESM Week 1), a mid-study lab session (T1), a 7-day ESM intervention phase (ESM Week 2), and a final laboratory visit (T2). At T0, participants completed baseline questionnaires and were trained on the ESM procedure. Participants then completed the first week of ESM, during which they were instructed to use an active control (“thought monitoring”) intervention. Participants then returned to the lab for the mid-study session (T1) to complete questionnaires and receive instructions/training for the second intervention phase of the study (ESM Week 2), for which they were randomly assigned to one of two conditions. All participants were trained to use cognitive reappraisal. However, participants randomized to the “context-specific reappraisal” condition were instructed to use reappraisal only in response to uncontrollable daily stressors, and instead to use problem-solving when they encountered controllable stressors. Participants in the “uniform reappraisal” condition were instructed to reappraise all daily stressors over the following week. Following the T1 lab session, participants completed the ESM intervention phase of the study over the next week. Following the intervention phase, participants completed a final laboratory session (T2) that included follow-up questionnaires and a debriefing. Participants also wore Empatica E4 wristbands that continuously monitored their heart rate and skin conductance during the two ESM weeks (data are not available for request via EMOTE).
ESM measurement waves:
2
Ethics granting body:
---
Ethics protocol number:
1749068 (University of Melbourne)
Year/s data was collected:
2017-2018
Location of participants (Countries):
Australia
Background information:
The active control “thought monitoring” intervention (delivered to all participants in Week 1) and reappraisal intervention (delivered to participants in one of two varieties in Week 2) were adapted from Kivity & Huppert (2016). Note that some participants completed more than 7 days of ESM surveys in Week 1, Week 2, or both. We retained all available data except if this was due to a technical error with the SEMA2 application (see below). Note that a technical error occurred in the SEMA2 app on day 1 of the control ESM week and day 1 of the intervention ESM week (day 8 in the study protocol). Approximately 93.66% of all ESM surveys that were delivered at incorrect time intervals (i.e., less than 20 minutes between survey intervals) occurred on those days, corresponding to 1,212 ESM surveys. Approximately 12 surveys were included on each day. Due to the sampling schedule, however, some participants received 13 surveys on a given day (8.66% of all days across participants).
Languages:
English
Setting:
---
Collection platform:
---
Preregistration URL:
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Days of ESM data collection:
7
Number of ESM measures per day:
12 (6 affect surveys and 6 event surveys)
Sampling schedule:
signal-contingent
ESM schedule start time:
10:00
ESM schedule end time:
22:00
ESM schedule duration:
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Sample details

Type of sample:
Community members. Participants were aged between 18 and 60 (M = 24.73, SD = 6.79) and the sample comprised 72% females.
Recruitment information:
Participants were recruited using advertisements on social media (i.e., Facebook) and online classified websites (i.e., Gumtree) as well as with printed ads posted around the University of Melbourne Parkville campus. To be eligible, participants had to (a) be aged at least 18 years, (b) be fluent in English, (c) own an iOS or Android smartphone that was compatible with the ESM app (SEMA2), (d) not be currently taking heart or blood pressure medication (e.g. beta-blockers), and (e) not be currently pregnant.
Incentives:
Participants were reimbursed up to AU$150 for their involvement in the two-week study. Reimbursement comprised $10 for the initial (T0) and mid-study (T1) lab visits, $20 for the final lab visit (T2), up to $50 per week for each of the two ESM weeks (dependent on ESM compliance) and an additional $5 per week for wearing and charging the E4 wristband that measured heart rate and skin conductance (E4 data are not available for request via EMOTE).
Exclusions:
Yes, data from 4 participants have been excluded due to voluntary withdrawal (n=1), failure to comply with study protocols (n=2), and poor data quality (n=1). Surveys: We removed 30 ESM surveys from three participants that were not delivered correctly due to technical issues. Following recommendations from Geeraerts and Kuppens (2020), we excluded responses to individual items with response times below 650 ms (n = 2273 items) replacing them with missing values. Of the 25,388 completed ESM surveys (12,931 affect surveys, 12,457 event surveys), we replaced entire ESM surveys with missing values in which >50% of the items were answered within 650 ms or less (73 ESM surveys, 0.29%) and/or when responses to all slider items were (near) identical i.e. within-survey response SD less than or equal to 1 (107 ESM surveys, 0.42%). We also removed surveys for which ESM prompts were delivered at incorrect time intervals (1294 ESM surveys, 5.10%).
Number of participants:
181

Contact info

Contact:
Emma Sullivan
Contact email:
sullivan.e@unimelb.edu.au
Selection Variable Info Assessment type Constructs Branching
UUID Default None —
Date_Local Default None —
Time_Local Default None —
DELIVERED_dt Date and time ESM survey delivered ESM —
COMPLETED Date and time ESM survey completed ESM —
EXPIRED Date and time ESM survey expired ESM —
INTERVENTION_THRESHOLD Intervention threshold ESM —
WEEK ESM week Default ESM —
SURVEY Type of ESM survey delivered Default ESM —
HAS_ANSWERS Whether ESM survey has answers or not ESM —
SurvNum ESM survey number ESM —
DayNum ESM day number ESM —
DayNum_WEEK ESM day number for each week ESM —
RESPONSE_TIME_MS Total time taken to complete ESM survey ESM —
EVENT_TIME Please indicate when this event/situation occurred? ESM —
EVENT_TIME_RT Reaction time for EVENT_TIME ESM —
HAP How happy do you feel right now? ESM —
HAP_RT Rection time for HAP ESM —
RLX How relaxed do you feel right now? ESM —
RLX_RT Reaction time for RLX ESM —
CONF How confident do you feel right now? ESM —
CONF_RT Reaction time for CONF ESM —
STR How stressed do you feel right now? ESM —
STR_RT Reaction time for STR ESM —
ANG How angry do you feel right now? ESM —
ANG_RT Reaction time for ANG ESM —
SAD How sad do you feel right now? ESM —
SAD_RT Reaction time for SAD ESM —
IMPORT How important is the event/situation? ESM —
IMPORT_RT Reaction time for IMPORT ESM —
COPE Are you able to cope with the event/situation? ESM —
COPE_RT Reaction time for COPE ESM —
REAP Have you changed the way you were thinking about or taken a different perspective on the event/situation? ESM —
REAP_RT Reaction time for REAP ESM —
SELFRESP Are you personally responsible for the event/situation? ESM —
SELFRESP_RT Reaction time for SELFRESP ESM —
SOCSUP Do you have support from others to deal with the event/situation? ESM —
SOCSUP_RT Reaction time for SOCSUP ESM —
SITMOD Have you taken steps to directly change or influence the event/situation? ESM —
SITMOD_RT Reaction time for SITMOD ESM —
INTENSITY How negative is the event/situation? ESM —
INTENSITY_RT Reaction time for INTENSITY ESM —
CTRL Are you in control of the event/situation? ESM —
CTRL_RT Reaction time for CTRL ESM —
CHANGE Are you able to change or influence the event/situation RIGHT NOW? ESM —
CHANGE_RT Reaction time for CHANGE ESM —
HAP2 How happy do you feel right now? ESM —
HAP2_RT Reaction time for HAP2 ESM —
RLX2 How relaxed do you feel right now? ESM —
RLX2_RT Reaction time for RLX2 ESM —
CONF2 How confident do you feel right now? ESM —
CONF2_RT Reaction time for CONF2 ESM —
STR2 How stressed do you feel right now? ESM —
STR2_RT Reaction time for STR2 ESM —
ANG2 How angry do you feel right now? ESM —
ANG2_RT Reaction time for ANG2 ESM —
SAD2 How sad do you feel right now? ESM —
SAD2_RT Reaction time for SAD2 ESM —
INTERVENTION Intervention allocation (none, thought monitoring, reappraisal or situation modification) ESM —
GROUP Group allocation Default Baseline —
Age_Yrs Age Baseline —
Gender Gender Baseline —
Sexuality Sexual orientation Baseline —
Married Are you currently in a stable intimate (i.e. cohabiting/married) relationship? Baseline —
MarSatis How satisfied are you with your relationship? Baseline —
WantMarry Do you want to be in a stable intimate (i.e. cohabiting/married) relationship? Baseline —
Kids Do you have any children? Baseline —
KidsCont Do you have at least monthly contact (face-to-face, telephone, skype, sms, e-mail) with your children? Baseline —
FamilyCont Do you have at least monthly contact (facetoface, telephone, skype, sms, email) with members of your immediate family (i.e., parents, siblings) other than your children or partner? Baseline —
FriendCont Do you have at least monthly contact (facetoface, telephone, skype, sms, email) with friends ? Baseline —
Social_groups Do you regularly participate in any organisations or committees (e.g., community, religious, political, or sporting groups)? Baseline —
Nicotine Do you consume nicotine (e.g., smoke cigarettes, cigars, etc.)? Baseline —
Alcohol How would you characterize your alcohol consumption? Baseline —
Caffeine Have you had any coffee or tea today? Baseline —
CoffeeTea_bin How many cups of coffee/tea do you usually drink per day? Baseline —
ExerRecent Have you done any strenuous exercise (e.g., running, cycling, aerobic exercise, heavy weights for 30 min or longer) in the past 4 hours? Baseline —
Exercise Over the past 3 months, approximately how much physical exercise have you done per week? Baseline —
EduLevel What is the highest level of education you have completed? (select only one option, which reflects your highest education) Baseline —
Employ What is your current employment status? (if more than one option applies, please select the option that reflects how you spend the majority of your time. E.g., if you are a full time student and work part time, select 'Student') Baseline —
BornAU Were you born in Australia ? Baseline —
Religious_Affil How religious are you? Baseline —
Politics How would you rate your political views? Baseline —
FatherEd What is the highest level of education your father completed? Baseline —
MotherEd What is the highest level of education your mother completed? Baseline —
Income What is your annual household income? (i.e., your own income if you live alone/share house, or combined if you live with a partner or family memeber)? Baseline —
Height Height (cm) approx Baseline —
Weight Weight (kg) approx Baseline —
Sleep_hours How many hours did you sleep last night ? (please answer in hours) Baseline —
Employ_Type_bin What is the nature of your current employment?  (please describe in a few words): If retired, please describe your former employment (e.g., "retired lawyer" or "former nurse, currently retired") If unemployed (seeking work), please describe the type of work you are seeking (e.g., "unemployed, seeking work as mechanic") Baseline —
Ethnicity_bin What is your ethnicity (e.g., Caucasian, Asian, etc.)? Baseline —
dass1_T0 I found it hard to wind down Baseline —
dass2_T0 I was aware of dryness of my mouth Baseline —
dass3_T0 I couldn't seem to experience any positive feeling at all Baseline —
dass4_T0 I experienced breathing difficulty (e.g. excessively rapid breathing, breathlessness in the absence of physical exertion) Baseline —
dass5_T0 I found it difficult to work up the initiative to do things Baseline —
dass6_T0 I tended to overreact to situations Baseline —
dass7_T0 I experienced trembling (e.g. in the hands) Baseline —
dass8_T0 I felt that I was using a lot of nervous energy Baseline —
dass9_T0 I was worried about situations in which I might panic and make a fool of myself Baseline —
dass10_T0 I felt that I had nothing to look forward to Baseline —
dass11_T0 I found myself getting agitated Baseline —
dass12_T0 I found it difficult to relax Baseline —
dass13_T0 I felt downhearted and blue Baseline —
dass14_T0 I was intolerant of anything that kept me from getting on with what I was doing Baseline —
dass15_T0 I felt I was close to panic Baseline —
dass16_T0 I was unable to become enthusiastic about anything Baseline —
dass17_T0 I felt I wasn't worth much as a person Baseline —
dass18_T0 I felt that I was rather touchy Baseline —
dass19_T0 I was aware of the action of my heart in the absence of physical exertion (e.g. sense of heart rate increase, heart missing a beat) Baseline —
dass20_T0 I felt scared without any good reason Baseline —
dass21_T0 I felt that life was meaningless Baseline —
pss1_T0 I felt that I was unable to control the important things in my life Baseline —
pss2_T0 I felt confident about my ability to handle my personal problems Baseline —
pss3_T0 I felt that things were going my way Baseline —
pss4_T0 I felt that difficulties were piling up so high that I could not overcome them Baseline —
rse1_T0 On the whole, I am satisfied with myself Baseline —
rse2_T0 At times I think I am no good at all Baseline —
rse3_T0 I feel that I have a number of good qualities Baseline —
rse4_T0 I am able to do things as well as most other people Baseline —
rse5_T0 I feel I do not have much to be proud of Baseline —
rse6_T0 I certainly feel useless at times Baseline —
rse7_T0 I feel that I am a person of worth, at least on an equal plane with others Baseline —
rse8_T0 I wish I could have more respect for myself Baseline —
rse9_T0 All in all, I am inclined to feel that I am a failure Baseline —
rse10_T0 I take a positive attitude toward myself Baseline —
bfi1_T0 Is talkative Baseline —
bfi4_T0 Is depressed, blue Baseline —
bfi6_T0 Is reserved Baseline —
bfi9_T0 Is relaxed, handles stress well Baseline —
bfi11_T0 Is full of energy Baseline —
bfi14_T0 Can be tense Baseline —
bfi16_T0 Generates a lot of enthusiasm Baseline —
bfi19_T0 Worries a lot Baseline —
bfi21_T0 Tends to be quiet Baseline —
bfi24_T0 Is emotionally stable, not easily upset Baseline —
bfi26_T0 Has an assertive personality Baseline —
bfi29_T0 Can be moody Baseline —
bfi31_T0 Is sometimes shy, inhibited Baseline —
bfi34_T0 Remains calm in tense situations Baseline —
bfi36_T0 Is outgoing, sociable Baseline —
bfi39_T0 Gets nervous easily Baseline —
bfne1_T0 I worry about what other people will think of me even when I know it doesn't make any difference Baseline —
bfne2_T0 I am unconcerned even if i know people are forming an unfavorable impression of me. Baseline —
bfne3_T0 I am frequently afraid of other people noticing my shortcomings Baseline —
bfne4_T0 I rarely worry about what kind of impression I am making on someone Baseline —
bfne5_T0 I am afraid that the others will not approve of me Baseline —
bfne6_T0 I am afraid that people will find fault with me Baseline —
bfne7_T0 Other people's opinions of me do not bother me Baseline —
bfne8_T0 When I am talking to someone, I worry about what they may be thinking about me Baseline —
bfne9_T0 I am usually worried about what kind of impression I make Baseline —
bfne10_T0 If I know someone is judging me, it has little effect on me Baseline —
bfne11_T0 Sometimes I think I am too concerned with what other people think of me Baseline —
bfne12_T0 I often worry that I will say or do the wrong things Baseline —
avi_ideal1_T0 Relaxed Baseline —
avi_ideal2_T0 Lonely Baseline —
avi_ideal3_T0 Peaceful Baseline —
avi_ideal4_T0 Elated Baseline —
avi_ideal5_T0 Irritable Baseline —
avi_ideal6_T0 Nervous Baseline —
avi_ideal7_T0 Satisfied Baseline —
avi_ideal8_T0 Unhappy Baseline —
avi_ideal9_T0 Enthusiastic Baseline —
avi_ideal10_T0 Stressed Baseline —
avi_ideal11_T0 Proud Baseline —
avi_ideal12_T0 Guilty Baseline —
avi_ideal13_T0 Excited Baseline —
avi_ideal14_T0 Fearful Baseline —
avi_ideal15_T0 Sad Baseline —
avi_ideal16_T0 Calm Baseline —
avi_ideal17_T0 Confident Baseline —
avi_ideal18_T0 Angry Baseline —
avi_ideal19_T0 Happy Baseline —
avi_ideal20_T0 Hostile Baseline —
avi_actual1_T0 Relaxed Baseline —
avi_actual2_T0 Lonely Baseline —
avi_actual3_T0 Peaceful Baseline —
avi_actual4_T0 Elated Baseline —
avi_actual5_T0 Irritable Baseline —
avi_actual6_T0 Nervous Baseline —
avi_actual7_T0 Satisfied Baseline —
avi_actual8_T0 Unhappy Baseline —
avi_actual9_T0 Enthusiastic Baseline —
avi_actual10_T0 Stressed Baseline —
avi_actual11_T0 Proud Baseline —
avi_actual12_T0 Guilty Baseline —
avi_actual13_T0 Excited Baseline —
avi_actual14_T0 Fearful Baseline —
avi_actual15_T0 Sad Baseline —
avi_actual16_T0 Calm Baseline —
avi_actual17_T0 Confident Baseline —
avi_actual18_T0 Angry Baseline —
avi_actual19_T0 Happy Baseline —
avi_actual20_T0 Hostile Baseline —
cerq1_T0 I think that I have to accept that this has happened Baseline —
cerq2_T0 I often think about how I feel about what I have experienced Baseline —
cerq3_T0 I think I can learn something from the situation Baseline —
cerq4_T0 I feel that I am the one who is responsible for what has happened Baseline —
cerq5_T0 I think that I have to accept the situation Baseline —
cerq6_T0 I am preoccupied with what I think and feel about what I have experienced Baseline —
cerq7_T0 I think of pleasant things that have nothing to do with it Baseline —
cerq8_T0 I think that I can become a stronger person as a result of what has happened Baseline —
cerq9_T0 I keep thinking about how terrible it is what I have experienced Baseline —
cerq10_T0 I feel that others are responsible for what has happened Baseline —
cerq11_T0 I think of something nice instead of what has happened Baseline —
cerq12_T0 I think about how to change the situation Baseline —
cerq13_T0 I think that it hasn’t been too bad compared to other things Baseline —
cerq14_T0 I think that basically the cause must lie within myself Baseline —
cerq15_T0 I think about a plan of what I can do best Baseline —
cerq16_T0 I tell myself that there are worse things in life Baseline —
cerq17_T0 I continually think how horrible the situation has been Baseline —
cerq18_T0 I feel that basically the cause lies with others Baseline —
bscs1_T0 I am good at resisting temptation Baseline —
bscs2_T0 I have a hard time breaking bad habits Baseline —
bscs3_T0 I am lazy Baseline —
bscs4_T0 I say inappropriate things Baseline —
bscs5_T0 I do certain things that are bad for me, if they are fun Baseline —
bscs6_T0 I refuse things that are bad for me Baseline —
bscs7_T0 I wish I had more self-discipline Baseline —
bscs8_T0 People would say that I have iron self- discipline Baseline —
bscs9_T0 Pleasure and fun sometimes keep me from getting work done Baseline —
bscs10_T0 I have trouble concentrating Baseline —
bscs11_T0 I am able to work effectively toward long-term goals Baseline —
bscs12_T0 Sometimes I can’t stop myself from doing something, even if I know it is wrong Baseline —
bscs13_T0 I often act without thinking through all the alternatives Baseline —
ucla1_T0 How often do you feel that you lack companionship? Baseline —
ucla2_T0 How often do you feel left out? Baseline —
ucla3_T0 How often do you feel isolated from others? Baseline —
eses1_T0 Know what causes you to feel a positive emotion Baseline —
eses2_T0 Use positive emotions to generate good ideas Baseline —
eses3_T0 Calm down when feeling angry Baseline —
eses4_T0 Understand what causes your emotions to change Baseline —
eses5_T0 Use positive emotions to generate novel solutions to old problems Baseline —
eses6_T0 Regulate your own emotions when under pressure Baseline —
eses7_T0 Correctly identify your own positive emotions Baseline —
eses8_T0 Correctly identify your own negative emotions Baseline —
eses9_T0 Get into a mood that best suits the occasion Baseline —
eses10_T0 Know what causes you to feel a negative emotion Baseline —
eses11_T0 Create emotions to enhance physical performance Baseline —
eses12_T0 Generate the right emotion so that creative ideas can unfold Baseline —
eses13_T0 Change your negative emotion to a positive emotion Baseline —
eses14_T0 Create a positive emotion when feeling a negative emotion Baseline —
eses15_T0 Recognize what emotion is being communicated through your facial expression Baseline —
eses16_T0 Regulate your own emotions when close to reaching a goal Baseline —
eses17_T0 Create emotions to enhance cognitive performance Baseline —
eses18_T0 Notice the emotion your body language is portraying Baseline —
eses19_T0 Figure out what causes you to feel differing emotions Baseline —
eses20_T0 Generate in yourself the emotion another person is feeling Baseline —
swls1_T0 In most ways my life is close to my ideal Baseline —
swls2_T0 The conditions of my life are excellent Baseline —
swls3_T0 I am satisfied with my life Baseline —
swls4_T0 So far I have gotten the important things I want in life Baseline —
swls5_T0 If I could live my life over, I would change almost nothing Baseline —
rrs5_T0 Think “What am I doing to deserve this?” Baseline —
rrs7_T0 Analyze recent events to try to understand why you are depressed Baseline —
rrs10_T0 Think “Why do I always react this way?” Baseline —
rrs11_T0 Go away by yourself and think about why you feel this way Baseline —
rrs12_T0 Write down what you are thinking about and analyze it Baseline —
rrs13_T0 Think about a recent situation, wishing it had gone better Baseline —
rrs15_T0 Think “Why do I have problems other people don’t have?” Baseline —
rrs16_T0 Think “Why can’t I handle things better?” Baseline —
rrs18_T0 Think about all your shortcomings, failings, faults, mistakes Baseline —
rrs20_T0 Analyze your personality to try to understand why you are depressed Baseline —
rrs21_T0 Go someplace alone to think about your feelings Baseline —
rrs22_T0 Think about how angry you are with yourself Baseline —
ites1_T0 Everyone can learn to control their emotions Baseline —
ites2_T0 If they want to, people can change the emotions that they have Baseline —
ites3_T0 No matter how hard they try, people can’t really change the emotions that they have Baseline —
ites4_T0 The truth is, people have very little control over their emotions Baseline —
isel1_T0 If I wanted to go on a trip for a day (for example, to the country or mountains), I would have a hard time finding someone to go with me Baseline —
isel2_T0 I feel that there is no one I can share my most private worries and fears with Baseline —
isel3_T0 If I were sick, I could easily find someone to help me with my daily chores Baseline —
isel4_T0 There is someone I can turn to for advice about handling problems with my family Baseline —
isel5_T0 If I decide one afternoon that I would like to go to a movie that evening, I could easily find someone to go with me Baseline —
isel6_T0 When I need suggestions on how to deal with a personal problem, I know someone I can turn to Baseline —
isel7_T0 I don't often get invited to do things with others Baseline —
isel8_T0 If I had to go out of town for a few weeks, it would be difficult to find someone who would look after my house or apartment (the plants, pets, garden, etc.) Baseline —
isel9_T0 If I wanted to have lunch with someone, I could easily find someone to join me Baseline —
isel10_T0 If I was stranded 10 miles from home, there is someone I could call who could come and get me Baseline —
isel11_T0 If a family crisis arose, it would be difficult to find someone who could give me good advice about how to handle it Baseline —
isel12_T0 If I needed some help in moving to a new house or apartment, I would have a hard time finding someone to help me Baseline —
scs1_T0 When I fail at something important to me I become consumed by feelings of inadequacy Baseline —
scs2_T0 I try to be understanding and patient towards those aspects of my personality I don’t like Baseline —
scs3_T0 When something painful happens I try to take a balanced view of the situation Baseline —
scs4_T0 When I’m feeling down, I tend to feel like most other people are probably happier than I am Baseline —
scs5_T0 I try to see my failings as part of the human condition Baseline —
scs6_T0 When I’m going through a very hard time, I give myself the caring and tenderness I need Baseline —
scs7_T0 When something upsets me I try to keep my emotions in balance Baseline —
scs8_T0 When I fail at something that’s important to me, I tend to feel alone in my failure Baseline —
scs9_T0 When I’m feeling down I tend to obsess and fixate on everything that’s wrong Baseline —
scs10_T0 When I feel inadequate in some way, I try to remind myself that feelings of inadequacy are shared by most people Baseline —
scs11_T0 I’m disapproving and judgmental about my own flaws and inadequacies Baseline —
scs12_T0 I’m intolerant and impatient towards those aspects of my personality I don’t like Baseline —
bidr1_T0 I have not always been honest with myself Baseline —
bidr2_T0 I always know why I like things Baseline —
bidr3_T0 It’s hard for me to shut off a disturbing thought Baseline —
bidr4_T0 I never regret my decisions Baseline —
bidr5_T0 I sometimes lose out on things because I can’t make up my mind soon enough Baseline —
bidr6_T0 I am a completely rational person Baseline —
bidr7_T0 I am very confident of my judgements Baseline —
bidr8_T0 I have sometimes doubted my ability as a lover Baseline —
bidr9_T0 I sometimes tell lies if I have to Baseline —
bidr10_T0 I never cover up my mistakes Baseline —
bidr11_T0 There have been occasions when I have taken advantage of someone Baseline —
bidr12_T0 I sometimes try to get even rather than forgive and forget Baseline —
bidr13_T0 I have said something bad about a friend behind his or her back Baseline —
bidr14_T0 When I hear people talking privately, I avoid listening Baseline —
bidr15_T0 I never take things that don’t belong to me Baseline —
bidr16_T0 I don’t gossip about other people’s business Baseline —
seq1_T0 I think society accepts people who feel Depressed or Anxious as normal Baseline —
seq2_T0 I think it is socially acceptable to feel Depressed or Anxious Baseline —
seq3_T0 Society generally expects people NOT to feel Depressed or Anxious Baseline —
seq4_T0 Other people expect me NOT to feel Depressed or Anxious Baseline —
seq5_T0 People like me less when I feel Depressed or Anxious Baseline —
seq6_T0 I think that society tends to place a lot of pressure on people NOT to feel Depressed or Anxious Baseline —
seq7_T0 I think that society generally disapproves of people who feel Depressed or Anxious Baseline —
seq8_T0 Most people would see people who feel Depressed or Anxious as failing in life Baseline —
seq9_T0 Overall, people in society are very comfortable with those who feel Depressed or Anxious Baseline —
seq10_T0 Generally speaking, other people prefer not to associate with me when I feel Depressed or Anxious Baseline —
seq11_T0 I feel a great deal of pressure from others around me not to feel Depressed or Anxious Baseline —
seq12_T0 When others see me as Depressed or Anxious they probably think I am a failure Baseline —
seq13_T0 I think most people around me value me just the same even when I feel Depressed or Anxious Baseline —
seq14_T0 Most people think that feeling Happy is a key indicator of success in life Baseline —
seq15_T0 People in my society view people who feel Happy as more valuable Baseline —
seq16_T0 Most people believe you are failing in life if you do not feel Happy all the time Baseline —
seq17_T0 If I am honest, it is really important to me that others see me as someone who is always Happy Baseline —
erq1_T0 When I want to feel more positive emotion (such as joy or amusement), I change what I’m thinking about. Baseline —
erq2_T0 I keep my emotions to myself Baseline —
erq3_T0 When I want to feel less negative emotion (such as sadness or anger), I change what I’m thinking about Baseline —
erq4_T0 When I am feeling positive emotions, I am careful not to express them Baseline —
erq5_T0 When I’m faced with a stressful situation, I make myself think about it in a way that helps me stay calm Baseline —
erq6_T0 I control my emotions by not expressing them Baseline —
erq7_T0 When I want to feel more positive emotion, I change the way I’m thinking about the situation Baseline —
erq8_T0 I control my emotions by changing the way I think about the situation I’m in Baseline —
erq9_T0 When I am feeling negative emotions, I make sure not to express them Baseline —
erq10_T0 When I want to feel less negative emotion, I change the way I’m thinking about the situation Baseline —
erq1_A_T0 When I want to feel more positive emotion (such as joy or amusement), I change what I’m thinking about Baseline —
erq2_A_T0 I keep my emotions to myself Baseline —
erq3_A_T0 When I want to feel less negative emotion (such as sadness or anger), I change what I’m thinking about Baseline —
erq4_A_T0 When I am feeling positive emotions, I am careful not to express them Baseline —
erq5_A_T0 When I’m faced with a stressful situation, I make myself think about it in a way that helps me stay calm Baseline —
erq6_A_T0 I control my emotions by not expressing them Baseline —
erq7_A_T0 When I want to feel more positive emotion, I change the way I’m thinking about the situation Baseline —
erq8_A_T0 I control my emotions by changing the way I think about the situation I’m in Baseline —
erq9_A_T0 When I am feeling negative emotions, I make sure not to express them Baseline —
erq10_A_T0 When I want to feel less negative emotion, I change the way I’m thinking about the situation Baseline —
ECR_S_4_T0 It helps to turn to close others in times of need Baseline —
ECR_S_5_T0 I need a lot of reassurance that close others really care about me Baseline —
ECR_S_6_T0 I want to get close to others, but I keep pulling back Baseline —
ECR_S_7_T0 I find that my partners don't want to get as close as I would like Baseline —
ECR_S_8_T0 I turn to close others for many things, including comfort and reassurance Baseline —
ECR_S_9_T0 My desire to be very close sometimes scares people away Baseline —
ECR_S_10_T0 I try to avoid getting too close to others Baseline —
ECR_S_11_T0 I do not often worry about being abandoned Baseline —
ECR_S_12_T0 I usually discuss my problems and concerns with close others Baseline —
ECR_S_13_T0 I get frustrated if close others are not available when I need them Baseline —
ECR_S_14_T0 I am nervous when another person gets too close to me Baseline —
ECR_S_15_T0 I worry that others won't care about me as much as I care about them Baseline —
dass1_T1 I found it hard to wind down Follow_up —
dass2_T1 I was aware of dryness of my mouth Follow_up —
dass3_T1 I couldn't seem to experience any positive feeling at all Follow_up —
dass4_T1 I experienced breathing difficulty (e.g. excessively rapid breathing, breathlessness in the absence of physical exertion) Follow_up —
dass5_T1 I found it difficult to work up the initiative to do things Follow_up —
dass6_T1 I tended to overreact to situations Follow_up —
dass7_T1 I experienced trembling (e.g. in the hands) Follow_up —
dass8_T1 I felt that I was using a lot of nervous energy Follow_up —
dass9_T1 I was worried about situations in which I might panic and make a fool of myself Follow_up —
dass10_T1 I felt that I had nothing to look forward to Follow_up —
dass11_T1 I found myself getting agitated Follow_up —
dass12_T1 I found it difficult to relax Follow_up —
dass13_T1 I felt downhearted and blue Follow_up —
dass14_T1 I was intolerant of anything that kept me from getting on with what I was doing Follow_up —
dass15_T1 I felt I was close to panic Follow_up —
dass16_T1 I was unable to become enthusiastic about anything Follow_up —
dass17_T1 I felt I wasn't worth much as a person Follow_up —
dass18_T1 I felt that I was rather touchy Follow_up —
dass19_T1 I was aware of the action of my heart in the absence of physical exertion (e.g. sense of heart rate increase, heart missing a beat) Follow_up —
dass20_T1 I felt scared without any good reason Follow_up —
dass21_T1 I felt that life was meaningless Follow_up —
pss1_T1 I felt that I was unable to control the important things in my life Follow_up —
pss2_T1 I felt confident about my ability to handle my personal problems Follow_up —
pss3_T1 I felt that things were going my way Follow_up —
pss4_T1 I felt that difficulties were piling up so high that I could not overcome them Follow_up —
rse1_T1 On the whole, I am satisfied with myself Follow_up —
rse2_T1 At times I think I am no good at all Follow_up —
rse3_T1 I feel that I have a number of good qualities Follow_up —
rse4_T1 I am able to do things as well as most other people Follow_up —
rse5_T1 I feel I do not have much to be proud of Follow_up —
rse6_T1 I certainly feel useless at times Follow_up —
rse7_T1 I feel that I am a person of worth, at least on an equal plane with others Follow_up —
rse8_T1 I wish I could have more respect for myself Follow_up —
rse9_T1 All in all, I am inclined to feel that I am a failure Follow_up —
rse10_T1 I take a positive attitude toward myself Follow_up —
cerq1_T1 I think that I have to accept that this has happened Follow_up —
cerq2_T1 I often think about how I feel about what I have experienced Follow_up —
cerq3_T1 I think I can learn something from the situation Follow_up —
cerq4_T1 I feel that I am the one who is responsible for what has happened Follow_up —
cerq5_T1 I think that I have to accept the situation Follow_up —
cerq6_T1 I am preoccupied with what I think and feel about what I have experienced Follow_up —
cerq7_T1 I think of pleasant things that have nothing to do with it Follow_up —
cerq8_T1 I think that I can become a stronger person as a result of what has happened Follow_up —
cerq9_T1 I keep thinking about how terrible it is what I have experienced Follow_up —
cerq10_T1 I feel that others are responsible for what has happened Follow_up —
cerq11_T1 I think of something nice instead of what has happened Follow_up —
cerq12_T1 I think about how to change the situation Follow_up —
cerq13_T1 I think that it hasn’t been too bad compared to other things Follow_up —
cerq14_T1 I think that basically the cause must lie within myself Follow_up —
cerq15_T1 I think about a plan of what I can do best Follow_up —
cerq16_T1 I tell myself that there are worse things in life Follow_up —
cerq17_T1 I continually think how horrible the situation has been Follow_up —
cerq18_T1 I feel that basically the cause lies with others Follow_up —
ucla1_T1 How often do you feel that you lack companionship? Follow_up —
ucla2_T1 How often do you feel left out? Follow_up —
ucla3_T1 How often do you feel isolated from others? Follow_up —
eses1_T1 Know what causes you to feel a positive emotion Follow_up —
eses2_T1 Use positive emotions to generate good ideas Follow_up —
eses3_T1 Calm down when feeling angry Follow_up —
eses4_T1 Understand what causes your emotions to change Follow_up —
eses5_T1 Use positive emotions to generate novel solutions to old problems Follow_up —
eses6_T1 Regulate your own emotions when under pressure Follow_up —
eses7_T1 Correctly identify your own positive emotions Follow_up —
eses8_T1 Correctly identify your own negative emotions Follow_up —
eses9_T1 Get into a mood that best suits the occasion Follow_up —
eses10_T1 Know what causes you to feel a negative emotion Follow_up —
eses11_T1 Create emotions to enhance physical performance Follow_up —
eses12_T1 Generate the right emotion so that creative ideas can unfold Follow_up —
eses13_T1 Change your negative emotion to a positive emotion Follow_up —
eses14_T1 Create a positive emotion when feeling a negative emotion Follow_up —
eses15_T1 Recognize what emotion is being communicated through your facial expression Follow_up —
eses16_T1 Regulate your own emotions when close to reaching a goal Follow_up —
eses17_T1 Create emotions to enhance cognitive performance Follow_up —
eses18_T1 Notice the emotion your body language is portraying Follow_up —
eses19_T1 Figure out what causes you to feel differing emotions Follow_up —
eses20_T1 Generate in yourself the emotion another person is feeling Follow_up —
swls1_T1 In most ways my life is close to my ideal Follow_up —
swls2_T1 The conditions of my life are excellent Follow_up —
swls3_T1 I am satisfied with my life Follow_up —
swls4_T1 So far I have gotten the important things I want in life Follow_up —
swls5_T1 If I could live my life over, I would change almost nothing Follow_up —
rrs5_T1 Think “What am I doing to deserve this?” Follow_up —
rrs7_T1 Analyze recent events to try to understand why you are depressed Follow_up —
rrs10_T1 Think “Why do I always react this way?” Follow_up —
rrs11_T1 Go away by yourself and think about why you feel this way Follow_up —
rrs12_T1 Write down what you are thinking about and analyze it Follow_up —
rrs13_T1 Think about a recent situation, wishing it had gone better Follow_up —
rrs15_T1 Think “Why do I have problems other people don’t have?” Follow_up —
rrs16_T1 Think “Why can’t I handle things better?” Follow_up —
rrs18_T1 Think about all your shortcomings, failings, faults, mistakes Follow_up —
rrs20_T1 Analyze your personality to try to understand why you are depressed Follow_up —
rrs21_T1 Go someplace alone to think about your feelings Follow_up —
rrs22_T1 Think about how angry you are with yourself Follow_up —
ites1_T1 Everyone can learn to control their emotions Follow_up —
ites2_T1 If they want to, people can change the emotions that they have Follow_up —
ites3_T1 No matter how hard they try, people can’t really change the emotions that they have Follow_up —
ites4_T1 The truth is, people have very little control over their emotions Follow_up —
scs1_T1 When I fail at something important to me I become consumed by feelings of inadequacy Follow_up —
scs2_T1 I try to be understanding and patient towards those aspects of my personality I don’t like Follow_up —
scs3_T1 When something painful happens I try to take a balanced view of the situation Follow_up —
scs4_T1 When I’m feeling down, I tend to feel like most other people are probably happier than I am Follow_up —
scs5_T1 I try to see my failings as part of the human condition Follow_up —
scs6_T1 When I’m going through a very hard time, I give myself the caring and tenderness I need Follow_up —
scs7_T1 When something upsets me I try to keep my emotions in balance Follow_up —
scs8_T1 When I fail at something that’s important to me, I tend to feel alone in my failure Follow_up —
scs9_T1 When I’m feeling down I tend to obsess and fixate on everything that’s wrong Follow_up —
scs10_T1 When I feel inadequate in some way, I try to remind myself that feelings of inadequacy are shared by most people Follow_up —
scs11_T1 I’m disapproving and judgmental about my own flaws and inadequacies Follow_up —
scs12_T1 I’m intolerant and impatient towards those aspects of my personality I don’t like Follow_up —
seq1_T1 I think society accepts people who feel Depressed or Anxious as normal Follow_up —
seq2_T1 I think it is socially acceptable to feel Depressed or Anxious Follow_up —
seq3_T1 Society generally expects people NOT to feel Depressed or Anxious Follow_up —
seq4_T1 Other people expect me NOT to feel Depressed or Anxious Follow_up —
seq5_T1 People like me less when I feel Depressed or Anxious Follow_up —
seq6_T1 I think that society tends to place a lot of pressure on people NOT to feel Depressed or Anxious Follow_up —
seq7_T1 I think that society generally disapproves of people who feel Depressed or Anxious Follow_up —
seq8_T1 Most people would see people who feel Depressed or Anxious as failing in life Follow_up —
seq9_T1 Overall, people in society are very comfortable with those who feel Depressed or Anxious Follow_up —
seq10_T1 Generally speaking, other people prefer not to associate with me when I feel Depressed or Anxious Follow_up —
seq11_T1 I feel a great deal of pressure from others around me not to feel Depressed or Anxious Follow_up —
seq12_T1 When others see me as Depressed or Anxious they probably think I am a failure Follow_up —
seq13_T1 I think most people around me value me just the same even when I feel Depressed or Anxious Follow_up —
seq14_T1 Most people think that feeling Happy is a key indicator of success in life Follow_up —
seq15_T1 People in my society view people who feel Happy as more valuable Follow_up —
seq16_T1 Most people believe you are failing in life if you do not feel Happy all the time Follow_up —
seq17_T1 If I am honest, it is really important to me that others see me as someone who is always Happy Follow_up —
erq1_T1 When I want to feel more positive emotion (such as joy or amusement), I change what I’m thinking about. Follow_up —
erq2_T1 I keep my emotions to myself Follow_up —
erq3_T1 When I want to feel less negative emotion (such as sadness or anger), I change what I’m thinking about Follow_up —
erq4_T1 When I am feeling positive emotions, I am careful not to express them Follow_up —
erq5_T1 When I’m faced with a stressful situation, I make myself think about it in a way that helps me stay calm Follow_up —
erq6_T1 I control my emotions by not expressing them Follow_up —
erq7_T1 When I want to feel more positive emotion, I change the way I’m thinking about the situation Follow_up —
erq8_T1 I control my emotions by changing the way I think about the situation I’m in Follow_up —
erq9_T1 When I am feeling negative emotions, I make sure not to express them Follow_up —
erq10_T1 When I want to feel less negative emotion, I change the way I’m thinking about the situation Follow_up —
erq1_A_T1 When I want to feel more positive emotion (such as joy or amusement), I change what I’m thinking about Follow_up —
erq2_A_T1 I keep my emotions to myself Follow_up —
erq3_A_T1 When I want to feel less negative emotion (such as sadness or anger), I change what I’m thinking about Follow_up —
erq4_A_T1 When I am feeling positive emotions, I am careful not to express them Follow_up —
erq5_A_T1 When I’m faced with a stressful situation, I make myself think about it in a way that helps me stay calm Follow_up —
erq6_A_T1 I control my emotions by not expressing them Follow_up —
erq7_A_T1 When I want to feel more positive emotion, I change the way I’m thinking about the situation Follow_up —
erq8_A_T1 I control my emotions by changing the way I think about the situation I’m in Follow_up —
erq9_A_T1 When I am feeling negative emotions, I make sure not to express them Follow_up —
erq10_A_T1 When I want to feel less negative emotion, I change the way I’m thinking about the situation Follow_up —
ECR_S_4_T1 It helps to turn to close others in times of need Follow_up —
ECR_S_5_T1 I need a lot of reassurance that close others really care about me Follow_up —
ECR_S_6_T1 I want to get close to others, but I keep pulling back Follow_up —
ECR_S_7_T1 I find that my partners don't want to get as close as I would like Follow_up —
ECR_S_8_T1 I turn to close others for many things, including comfort and reassurance Follow_up —
ECR_S_9_T1 My desire to be very close sometimes scares people away Follow_up —
ECR_S_10_T1 I try to avoid getting too close to others Follow_up —
ECR_S_11_T1 I do not often worry about being abandoned Follow_up —
ECR_S_12_T1 I usually discuss my problems and concerns with close others Follow_up —
ECR_S_13_T1 I get frustrated if close others are not available when I need them Follow_up —
ECR_S_14_T1 I am nervous when another person gets too close to me Follow_up —
ECR_S_15_T1 I worry that others won't care about me as much as I care about them Follow_up —
dass1_T2 I found it hard to wind down Follow_up2 —
dass2_T2 I was aware of dryness of my mouth Follow_up2 —
dass3_T2 I couldn't seem to experience any positive feeling at all Follow_up2 —
dass4_T2 I experienced breathing difficulty (e.g. excessively rapid breathing, breathlessness in the absence of physical exertion) Follow_up2 —
dass5_T2 I found it difficult to work up the initiative to do things Follow_up2 —
dass6_T2 I tended to overreact to situations Follow_up2 —
dass7_T2 I experienced trembling (e.g. in the hands) Follow_up2 —
dass8_T2 I felt that I was using a lot of nervous energy Follow_up2 —
dass9_T2 I was worried about situations in which I might panic and make a fool of myself Follow_up2 —
dass10_T2 I felt that I had nothing to look forward to Follow_up2 —
dass11_T2 I found myself getting agitated Follow_up2 —
dass12_T2 I found it difficult to relax Follow_up2 —
dass13_T2 I felt downhearted and blue Follow_up2 —
dass14_T2 I was intolerant of anything that kept me from getting on with what I was doing Follow_up2 —
dass15_T2 I felt I was close to panic Follow_up2 —
dass16_T2 I was unable to become enthusiastic about anything Follow_up2 —
dass17_T2 I felt I wasn't worth much as a person Follow_up2 —
dass18_T2 I felt that I was rather touchy Follow_up2 —
dass19_T2 I was aware of the action of my heart in the absence of physical exertion (e.g. sense of heart rate increase, heart missing a beat) Follow_up2 —
dass20_T2 I felt scared without any good reason Follow_up2 —
dass21_T2 I felt that life was meaningless Follow_up2 —
pss1_T2 I felt that I was unable to control the important things in my life Follow_up2 —
pss2_T2 I felt confident about my ability to handle my personal problems Follow_up2 —
pss3_T2 I felt that things were going my way Follow_up2 —
pss4_T2 I felt that difficulties were piling up so high that I could not overcome them Follow_up2 —
rse1_T2 On the whole, I am satisfied with myself Follow_up2 —
rse2_T2 At times I think I am no good at all Follow_up2 —
rse3_T2 I feel that I have a number of good qualities Follow_up2 —
rse4_T2 I am able to do things as well as most other people Follow_up2 —
rse5_T2 I feel I do not have much to be proud of Follow_up2 —
rse6_T2 I certainly feel useless at times Follow_up2 —
rse7_T2 I feel that I am a person of worth, at least on an equal plane with others Follow_up2 —
rse8_T2 I wish I could have more respect for myself Follow_up2 —
rse9_T2 All in all, I am inclined to feel that I am a failure Follow_up2 —
rse10_T2 I take a positive attitude toward myself Follow_up2 —
cerq1_T2 I think that I have to accept that this has happened Follow_up2 —
cerq2_T2 I often think about how I feel about what I have experienced Follow_up2 —
cerq3_T2 I think I can learn something from the situation Follow_up2 —
cerq4_T2 I feel that I am the one who is responsible for what has happened Follow_up2 —
cerq5_T2 I think that I have to accept the situation Follow_up2 —
cerq6_T2 I am preoccupied with what I think and feel about what I have experienced Follow_up2 —
cerq7_T2 I think of pleasant things that have nothing to do with it Follow_up2 —
cerq8_T2 I think that I can become a stronger person as a result of what has happened Follow_up2 —
cerq9_T2 I keep thinking about how terrible it is what I have experienced Follow_up2 —
cerq10_T2 I feel that others are responsible for what has happened Follow_up2 —
cerq11_T2 I think of something nice instead of what has happened Follow_up2 —
cerq12_T2 I think about how to change the situation Follow_up2 —
cerq13_T2 I think that it hasn’t been too bad compared to other things Follow_up2 —
cerq14_T2 I think that basically the cause must lie within myself Follow_up2 —
cerq15_T2 I think about a plan of what I can do best Follow_up2 —
cerq16_T2 I tell myself that there are worse things in life Follow_up2 —
cerq17_T2 I continually think how horrible the situation has been Follow_up2 —
cerq18_T2 I feel that basically the cause lies with others Follow_up2 —
ucla1_T2 How often do you feel that you lack companionship? Follow_up2 —
ucla2_T2 How often do you feel left out? Follow_up2 —
ucla3_T2 How often do you feel isolated from others? Follow_up2 —
eses1_T2 Know what causes you to feel a positive emotion Follow_up2 —
eses2_T2 Use positive emotions to generate good ideas Follow_up2 —
eses3_T2 Calm down when feeling angry Follow_up2 —
eses4_T2 Understand what causes your emotions to change Follow_up2 —
eses5_T2 Use positive emotions to generate novel solutions to old problems Follow_up2 —
eses6_T2 Regulate your own emotions when under pressure Follow_up2 —
eses7_T2 Correctly identify your own positive emotions Follow_up2 —
eses8_T2 Correctly identify your own negative emotions Follow_up2 —
eses9_T2 Get into a mood that best suits the occasion Follow_up2 —
eses10_T2 Know what causes you to feel a negative emotion Follow_up2 —
eses11_T2 Create emotions to enhance physical performance Follow_up2 —
eses12_T2 Generate the right emotion so that creative ideas can unfold Follow_up2 —
eses13_T2 Change your negative emotion to a positive emotion Follow_up2 —
eses14_T2 Create a positive emotion when feeling a negative emotion Follow_up2 —
eses15_T2 Recognize what emotion is being communicated through your facial expression Follow_up2 —
eses16_T2 Regulate your own emotions when close to reaching a goal Follow_up2 —
eses17_T2 Create emotions to enhance cognitive performance Follow_up2 —
eses18_T2 Notice the emotion your body language is portraying Follow_up2 —
eses19_T2 Figure out what causes you to feel differing emotions Follow_up2 —
eses20_T2 Generate in yourself the emotion another person is feeling Follow_up2 —
swls1_T2 In most ways my life is close to my ideal Follow_up2 —
swls2_T2 The conditions of my life are excellent Follow_up2 —
swls3_T2 I am satisfied with my life Follow_up2 —
swls4_T2 So far I have gotten the important things I want in life Follow_up2 —
swls5_T2 If I could live my life over, I would change almost nothing Follow_up2 —
rrs5_T2 Think “What am I doing to deserve this?” Follow_up2 —
rrs7_T2 Analyze recent events to try to understand why you are depressed Follow_up2 —
rrs10_T2 Think “Why do I always react this way?” Follow_up2 —
rrs11_T2 Go away by yourself and think about why you feel this way Follow_up2 —
rrs12_T2 Write down what you are thinking about and analyze it Follow_up2 —
rrs13_T2 Think about a recent situation, wishing it had gone better Follow_up2 —
rrs15_T2 Think “Why do I have problems other people don’t have?” Follow_up2 —
rrs16_T2 Think “Why can’t I handle things better?” Follow_up2 —
rrs18_T2 Think about all your shortcomings, failings, faults, mistakes Follow_up2 —
rrs20_T2 Analyze your personality to try to understand why you are depressed Follow_up2 —
rrs21_T2 Go someplace alone to think about your feelings Follow_up2 —
rrs22_T2 Think about how angry you are with yourself Follow_up2 —
ites1_T2 Everyone can learn to control their emotions Follow_up2 —
ites2_T2 If they want to, people can change the emotions that they have Follow_up2 —
ites3_T2 No matter how hard they try, people can’t really change the emotions that they have Follow_up2 —
ites4_T2 The truth is, people have very little control over their emotions Follow_up2 —
scs1_T2 When I fail at something important to me I become consumed by feelings of inadequacy Follow_up2 —
scs2_T2 I try to be understanding and patient towards those aspects of my personality I don’t like Follow_up2 —
scs3_T2 When something painful happens I try to take a balanced view of the situation Follow_up2 —
scs4_T2 When I’m feeling down, I tend to feel like most other people are probably happier than I am Follow_up2 —
scs5_T2 I try to see my failings as part of the human condition Follow_up2 —
scs6_T2 When I’m going through a very hard time, I give myself the caring and tenderness I need Follow_up2 —
scs7_T2 When something upsets me I try to keep my emotions in balance Follow_up2 —
scs8_T2 When I fail at something that’s important to me, I tend to feel alone in my failure Follow_up2 —
scs9_T2 When I’m feeling down I tend to obsess and fixate on everything that’s wrong Follow_up2 —
scs10_T2 When I feel inadequate in some way, I try to remind myself that feelings of inadequacy are shared by most people Follow_up2 —
scs11_T2 I’m disapproving and judgmental about my own flaws and inadequacies Follow_up2 —
scs12_T2 I’m intolerant and impatient towards those aspects of my personality I don’t like Follow_up2 —
seq1_T2 I think society accepts people who feel Depressed or Anxious as normal Follow_up2 —
seq2_T2 I think it is socially acceptable to feel Depressed or Anxious Follow_up2 —
seq3_T2 Society generally expects people NOT to feel Depressed or Anxious Follow_up2 —
seq4_T2 Other people expect me NOT to feel Depressed or Anxious Follow_up2 —
seq5_T2 People like me less when I feel Depressed or Anxious Follow_up2 —
seq6_T2 I think that society tends to place a lot of pressure on people NOT to feel Depressed or Anxious Follow_up2 —
seq7_T2 I think that society generally disapproves of people who feel Depressed or Anxious Follow_up2 —
seq8_T2 Most people would see people who feel Depressed or Anxious as failing in life Follow_up2 —
seq9_T2 Overall, people in society are very comfortable with those who feel Depressed or Anxious Follow_up2 —
seq10_T2 Generally speaking, other people prefer not to associate with me when I feel Depressed or Anxious Follow_up2 —
seq11_T2 I feel a great deal of pressure from others around me not to feel Depressed or Anxious Follow_up2 —
seq12_T2 When others see me as Depressed or Anxious they probably think I am a failure Follow_up2 —
seq13_T2 I think most people around me value me just the same even when I feel Depressed or Anxious Follow_up2 —
seq14_T2 Most people think that feeling Happy is a key indicator of success in life Follow_up2 —
seq15_T2 People in my society view people who feel Happy as more valuable Follow_up2 —
seq16_T2 Most people believe you are failing in life if you do not feel Happy all the time Follow_up2 —
seq17_T2 If I am honest, it is really important to me that others see me as someone who is always Happy Follow_up2 —
erq1_T2 When I want to feel more positive emotion (such as joy or amusement), I change what I’m thinking about. Follow_up2 —
erq2_T2 I keep my emotions to myself Follow_up2 —
erq3_T2 When I want to feel less negative emotion (such as sadness or anger), I change what I’m thinking about Follow_up2 —
erq4_T2 When I am feeling positive emotions, I am careful not to express them Follow_up2 —
erq5_T2 When I’m faced with a stressful situation, I make myself think about it in a way that helps me stay calm Follow_up2 —
erq6_T2 I control my emotions by not expressing them Follow_up2 —
erq7_T2 When I want to feel more positive emotion, I change the way I’m thinking about the situation Follow_up2 —
erq8_T2 I control my emotions by changing the way I think about the situation I’m in Follow_up2 —
erq9_T2 When I am feeling negative emotions, I make sure not to express them Follow_up2 —
erq10_T2 When I want to feel less negative emotion, I change the way I’m thinking about the situation Follow_up2 —
erq1_A_T2 When I want to feel more positive emotion (such as joy or amusement), I change what I’m thinking about Follow_up2 —
erq2_A_T2 I keep my emotions to myself Follow_up2 —
erq3_A_T2 When I want to feel less negative emotion (such as sadness or anger), I change what I’m thinking about Follow_up2 —
erq4_A_T2 When I am feeling positive emotions, I am careful not to express them Follow_up2 —
erq5_A_T2 When I’m faced with a stressful situation, I make myself think about it in a way that helps me stay calm Follow_up2 —
erq6_A_T2 I control my emotions by not expressing them Follow_up2 —
erq7_A_T2 When I want to feel more positive emotion, I change the way I’m thinking about the situation Follow_up2 —
erq8_A_T2 I control my emotions by changing the way I think about the situation I’m in Follow_up2 —
erq9_A_T2 When I am feeling negative emotions, I make sure not to express them Follow_up2 —
erq10_A_T2 When I want to feel less negative emotion, I change the way I’m thinking about the situation Follow_up2 —
ECR_S_4_T2 It helps to turn to close others in times of need Follow_up2 —
ECR_S_5_T2 I need a lot of reassurance that close others really care about me Follow_up2 —
ECR_S_6_T2 I want to get close to others, but I keep pulling back Follow_up2 —
ECR_S_7_T2 I find that my partners don't want to get as close as I would like Follow_up2 —
ECR_S_8_T2 I turn to close others for many things, including comfort and reassurance Follow_up2 —
ECR_S_9_T2 My desire to be very close sometimes scares people away Follow_up2 —
ECR_S_10_T2 I try to avoid getting too close to others Follow_up2 —
ECR_S_11_T2 I do not often worry about being abandoned Follow_up2 —
ECR_S_12_T2 I usually discuss my problems and concerns with close others Follow_up2 —
ECR_S_13_T2 I get frustrated if close others are not available when I need them Follow_up2 —
ECR_S_14_T2 I am nervous when another person gets too close to me Follow_up2 —
ECR_S_15_T2 I worry that others won't care about me as much as I care about them Follow_up2 —

Publications

Main Publication

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